How data mining helped GM limit a recall to 4 cars

Many automakers use track-and-trace techniques to spot defects more quickly, cut recall costs and keep regulators happy. Here is how a typical process works.

Step 1: A supplier gives a component a unique bar code or radio-frequency tag.

Step 2: The component gets scanned at each point in assembly, generating data on how it was built.

Step 3: After being delivered to the automaker, the component is linked to the identification number of the vehicle in which it is installed.

Step 4: The automaker scans the component on the assembly line, in case an assembly problem emerges later.

Step 5: If a defect is found, the automaker and supplier trace the defective part or assembly problem to the VINs of all other affected cars.